Lithium chloride
Lithium chloride
CAS: 7447-41-8
Molecular Formula: LiCl
Lithium chloride - Names and Identifiers
Lithium chloride - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | LiCl |
| Molar Mass | 42.39 |
| Density | 2.06 |
| Melting Point | 605 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 1383 °C/1 atm (lit.) |
| Flash Point | -4°F |
| Water Solubility | 832 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble |
| Vapor Presure | 1.33 hPa (547 °C) |
| Appearance | White crystal |
| Specific Gravity | 2.068 |
| Color | White to gray |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01'] |
| Merck | 14,5528 |
| pKa | 2.256[at 20 ℃] |
| PH | 5.5-7.5 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, bromine trichloride, bromine trifluoride. Very hygroscopic. Protect from moisture. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.381 |
| MDL | MFCD00011078 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character White cubic crystal or powder. Deliquescence. melting point 605 ℃ boiling point 1360 ℃ relative density 2.068 soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, ammonia. |
| Use | Used in air conditioning, pyrotechnic, dry battery and lithium metal, also used as flux, Desiccant |
Lithium chloride - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R63 - Possible risk of harm to the unborn child R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37 - Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S29 - Do not empty into drains. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | OJ5950000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28273980 |
| Toxicity | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 990 i.p.; in rats (mg/kg): 600 i.p., 4.8 i.v. (Wielosz). |
Lithium chloride - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Lithium hydroxide Lithium carbonate Hydrochloric acid |
Lithium chloride - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Feng Lei, Jie Liping, Zhang Haiping, beam Kun. Effect and mechanism of silencing Rbfox1 on the biological behavior of hippocampal neurons in epilepsy model rats [J]. Journal of difficult diseases, 2020,19(08):835-838. 2. Yin, Shao-Wei, et al.. "Neural regeneration research 15.11 (2020): 2082.https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.282268 3. [IF = 5.135] Shao-Wei Yin et al."Effects of mild intrauterine hypoperfusion in the second trimester on memory and learning function in rat offspring."Neural Regen Res. 2020 Nov; 15(11): 2082-2088 4. [IF=18.808] Xingkui Guo et al."Anti-Freezing Self-Adhesive Self-Healing Degradable Touch Panel with Ultra-Stretchable Performance Based on Transparent Triboelectric Nanogenerators."ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS |
Lithium chloride - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
White cubic crystal or powder. Deliquescence. Relative density 2. 068 (25 ℃). Melting point 605 °c. The boiling point is about 1360 °c. The saturated vapor pressure was 0. 133kPa(547 ℃). Soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, ammonia.
The aqueous solution is neutral or slightly alkaline.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Lithium chloride - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
hydrochloric acid method: Hydrochloric acid is added into the reactor, and lithium carbonate is slowly added to react to generate lithium chloride. After filtration, the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated to precipitate crystals, and then cooled and rapidly filtered, A finished product of Anhydrous Lithium chloride was prepared.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:00:01
Lithium chloride - Use
Open Data Verified Data
mainly used for refrigerant, but also can be used as flux, desiccant, chemical reagents, etc., also used in the manufacture of fireworks, dry batteries and metal lithium.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:00:00
Lithium chloride - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
The Inner village polyethylene plastic bag, the middle lining of the kraft paper bag plastic woven bag seam packaging, or packed with polyethylene plastic bag lined with iron drum, each bag (drum) net weight of 20kg or 40kg. The outer package should be marked with the words "moisture. It is necessary to prevent rain during transportation. During loading and unloading, care should be taken to prevent package breakage. Should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry warehouse. Pay attention to moisture. It cannot be stored and mixed with strong oxidant and strong acid. In case of fire, it can be suppressed by water, sand and all kinds of fire extinguishing. Toxicity and protection: LD100 3g/kg (mouse, oral). It has a strong stimulating effect on eyes, mucous membranes, skin and respiratory tract. Poisoning mainly due to ingestion, the patient appeared weakness, dizziness, Nausea, Vomit, Diarrhea, convulsions, Coma. Can be absorbed through the respiratory tract to cause poisoning. Lithium chloride can irritate the skin and mucous membranes. This product is a low toxicity class. It may be harmful to the environment and may cause pollution to water bodies. Production personnel should wear work clothes, wearing protective masks, protective glasses, latex gloves and other labor protection articles to protect the respiratory organs and skin. Production equipment should be closed, workshop ventilation should be good.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:00:01
Lithium chloride - Reference Information
| pH range of acid-base indicator discoloration | 6 |
| LogP | -1 |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| uses | lithium chloride has a wide range of uses, and electrolytic production of lithium metal is the largest area of lithium chloride consumption, the only industrial method for the production of metallic lithium at present is the lithium chloride molten salt electrolysis method, which was proposed by Ganz in 1893. Lithium metal and its alloys and compounds are widely used in many fields such as atomic energy industry, metallurgical industry, battery, glass, ceramics, chemical industry, aerospace industry and so on. In recent years, lithium chloride has been widely used in biology, medicine and other fields. In medicine for the treatment of diabetes, genetic research, etc.; In biology for the extraction and purification of RNA and a small amount of plasmid DNA; As a mutagen, widely used in food (beer), medicine, environmental protection and other industries to breed high-quality strains, cultivate high-yield strains, synthetic pharmaceutical intermediates, genetic modification of strains; In the analysis of organic structure, LiCl is an important cationic additive; In the field of new materials, it is widely used in the production of chitin (chitin); As an adsorbent and desiccant in air conditioners and dehumidifiers. is a raw material for the manufacture of welding materials, air conditioning equipment and lithium metal. It is also used in the manufacture of pyrotechnic. used as analytical reagents, heat exchange carrier, also used in the pharmaceutical industry used in air conditioning, pyrotechnic, dry batteries and lithium metal, also used as flux, desiccant Anhydrous Lithium chloride is mainly used in molten salt electrolysis to produce lithium metal raw materials, but also used in aluminum welding agent, air conditioning desiccant, special cement production and polymer materials polyphenylene sulfide catalyst and other fields. preparation of lithium metal raw materials; Used as welding agent for aluminum, air conditioning desiccant and special cement raw materials; Used for flame, in the battery industry for the production of lithium manganese battery electrolyte analysis reagent. Gas chromatography stationary phase (maximum use temperature 650 ℃, The solvent is water). Lithium chloride can separate polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons with boiling points up to 600 °c after calcination at 700-1000 °c. At 620 C, the zinc complex gold can be separated into zinc and chromium. Mainly used for the preparation of lithium metal raw materials and air conditioning desiccant, bleaching powder, pesticides, lithium battery electrolyte, synthetic fiber, alloy welding agent or flux. |
| preparation method | lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide conversion method: This method is the most important industrial method for the production of LiCl, most of our lithium chloride is produced in this way. In a corrosion-resistant reactor, Li2CO3 or LiOH was reacted with 30% hydrochloric acid to a slight excess of hydrochloric acid to give a nearly saturated solution of LiCl. An appropriate amount of BaCl2 solution was added to the acidic LiCl solution to remove sulfate impurities, and the pH was adjusted to Neutral with LiOH after filtration. Then, spray-boiling granulation or spray-drying gave Anhydrous Lithium chloride. Lithium carbonate is dissolved in hydrochloric acid and evaporated to dryness to obtain a white powder of lithium chloride. In order to obtain particularly pure anhydrous lithium chloride, purification is necessary. There are three purification methods:(1) purification by carbonate;(2) precipitation of lithium fluoride into lithium chloride; And (3) purification by ion exchange resin. Now (3) method to be introduced as follows: cation exchange resin using Amberlite IR120 hydrogen type resin, capacity 100mL; Anion exchange resin using Amberlite IRA400 chlorine type resin, capacity 100mL. Lithium chloride is dissolved in 25% (mole fraction) Methanol-water mixed solvent to prepare the original solution with chloride ion concentration below 1mol/L, and 25% (volume fraction) is also available. Methanol 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid as eluent, can be operated at room temperature. This method can remove difficult to remove calcium ions and 70% sulfate ions, to obtain pure lithium chloride. lithium chloride reference quality standard |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 69.2g/0 ℃;74.5g/10 ℃;83.5g/20 ℃;86.2g/30 ℃;89.8g/40 ℃; 98.4g/60 ℃;112g/80 ℃;121g/90 ℃;128g/100 ℃ |
| toxicity | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 990 I. p.; in rats (mg/kg): 600 I. p., 4.8 I. v. Wielosz. |
| hazard | According to the list of hazardous chemicals GB12268-2005 and, lithium chloride does not belong to dangerous goods. In the 2040s, lithium chloride was used as a substitute for salt, but later found that lithium chloride is toxic to the body, so the application was stopped. Lithium salt acts on the central nervous system, and similar Lithium carbonate is a drug for the treatment of mental disorders. |
| production method | hydrochloric acid method hydrochloric acid was added to the reactor, and lithium carbonate was slowly added to the reactor at a slightly too theoretical amount to carry out the reaction, lithium chloride is generated, after filtration, the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated to precipitate crystals, and then cooled and rapidly suction filtered to prepare Anhydrous Lithium chloride finished product. Li2CO3 2HCI → 2LiCl H2O CO2 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:54:55
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Raw Materials for Lithium chloride